Alkaline batteries:
Alkaline batteries have a high energy density. After World War II, this type of cell was developed exclusively for military use. In the early 1970s, it began to address a limited civilian market, and since the mid-1980s, sales of alkaline cylindrical cells in Europe have far exceeded those of zinc-carbon cells. Alkaline batteries have a cathode made of a mixture of manganese dioxide and graphite, the anode is powdered zinc, and the electrolyte is potassium hydroxide.
Alkaline manganese batteries account for two-thirds of all batteries and accumulators sold in Europe. They are available in various shapes and sizes, from button cells to large industrial batteries. The storage life of an alkaline battery depends on the storage environment, but under normal conditions they can be used after 5-7 years.
Zinc Carbon Batteries (saline):
The French engineer Georges Leclanché (1839-1882) invented in 1860 the zinc manganese dioxide cell operating in ammonium chloride electrolyte. Even today, several billion galvanic cells manufactured on the same principle are produced annually worldwide because it is a cheap alternative. The intended use of this type of battery is for devices that consume little power.